Title | Structural and biochemical analysis of the dual-specificity Trm10 enzyme from prompts reconsideration of its catalytic mechanism. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2018 |
Authors | Singh, R. Kumar, A. Feller, M. Roovers, D. Van Elder, L. Wauters, L. Droogmans, and W. Versées |
Journal | RNA |
Volume | 24 |
Issue | 8 |
Pagination | 1080-1092 |
Date Published | 2018 08 |
ISSN | 1469-9001 |
Keywords | Adenosine, Binding Sites, Catalysis, Catalytic Domain, Crystallography, X-Ray, Guanosine, Models, Molecular, Molecular Docking Simulation, RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, S-Adenosylhomocysteine, S-Adenosylmethionine, Substrate Specificity, Thermococcus, tRNA Methyltransferases |
Abstract | tRNA molecules get heavily modified post-transcriptionally. The N-1 methylation of purines at position 9 of eukaryal and archaeal tRNA is catalyzed by the SPOUT methyltranferase Trm10. Remarkably, while certain Trm10 orthologs are specific for either guanosine or adenosine, others show a dual specificity. Structural and functional studies have been performed on guanosine- and adenosine-specific enzymes. Here we report the structure and biochemical analysis of the dual-specificity enzyme from (Trm10). We report the first crystal structure of a construct of this enzyme, consisting of the N-terminal domain and the catalytic SPOUT domain. Moreover, crystal structures of the SPOUT domain, either in the apo form or bound to -adenosyl-l-methionine or -adenosyl-l-homocysteine reveal the conformational plasticity of two active site loops upon substrate binding. Kinetic analysis shows that Trm10 has a high affinity for its tRNA substrates, while the enzyme on its own has a very low methyltransferase activity. Mutation of either of two active site aspartate residues (Asp206 and Asp245) to Asn or Ala results in only modest effects on the N-1 methylation reaction, with a small shift toward a preference for mG formation over mA formation. Only a double D206A/D245A mutation severely impairs activity. These results are in line with the recent finding that the single active-site aspartate was dispensable for activity in the guanosine-specific Trm10 from yeast, and suggest that also dual-specificity Trm10 orthologs use a noncanonical tRNA methyltransferase mechanism without residues acting as general base catalysts. |
DOI | 10.1261/rna.064345.117 |
Alternate Journal | RNA |
PubMed ID | 29848639 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC6049504 |
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